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The architecture in software design has the same meaning as for buildings. Web Designers consider the aesthetic, functional, and many other aspects of a project to perfectly suits the goals of the internet communication policy of their customers. Depending on your needs Web Designers will decide how to set up the different sections and Webpages, as well as organize the datas and choose what kind of codes and systems (HTML, XHTML, PHP, PHP-Mysql...) will be used to develop your Website.
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) was founded by Tim Berners-Lee in October, 1994. It was founded with support from the DARPA - which had pioneered the Internet - and the European Commission. W3C was created to ensure compatibility and agreement among industry members in the adoption of new standards. Prior to its creation, incompatible versions of HTML were offered by different vendors, increasing the potential for inconsistency between web pages. The consortium was created to get all those vendors to agree on a set of core principles and components which would be supported by everyone.
Page layout is the part of graphic design that deals in the arrangement and style treatment of elements (content) on a page. The page layout of a proposed design shows the relative positions of text and illustrations before the specific content of those elements has been decided on, as a rough draft of the final layout in which to build around. The illustration element may incorporate stock photography, clip art, or other found material that gives an idea of what should be visually communicated. Producing web pages may require knowledge of markup languages along with Graphic Design editors and scripting languages to compensate for incompatibility between platforms.
Open Standards are specifications established by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). They actually decide what will be the coding rules for the Internet. Most of the Browser developers refer to this specifications as standards, to allow all Web Designers to code their Web Pages in a consistent way that will be fully understood and rendered by ALL Web Browsers... Of Course, Internet Explorer® does not respect these rules, thinking that Microsoft© is important enough to impose its own rules.... Ooops, missed on this one, Big Bill...
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the first Language created for the Internet by Tim Berners-Lees in the early 1990s. It was adopted in the mid 1990s as a standard (and only option) by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). It is still widely used by developers all over the world to create Web Pages. Many of its lay-out functions have been classified "depracated" since 1996, 1998, replaced by the use of Cascading Styles Sheets (CSS). Its is more and more replaced by the XHTML, the language of the Future Web.
XHTML (eXtensible HyperText Markup Language), a mix of XML (eXtensible Markup Language) and HTML, is the Language of the Internet of the Future. Created in the end of the 1990s, early 2000s, it is what HTML should have been from the beginning: it has a cleaner more structured presentation, its rules are consistent, it is far more dynamic than HTML, due to its XML capabilities. And the documents in XHTML download faster, as you can gain up to two-third of codes whilst having a cleaner code than in HTML.
CSS (for Cascading Style Sheets) is a simple design language intended to simplify the process of making web pages presentable. It was created by Håkon Wium Lie and presented to the W3C in 1994. It actually has much more options than usual HTML programming and allows to centralize all the lay-out parameters of all the pages of the site in a simple set of separated file. It was widely accepted by the Internet community and brought you all the new nice looking Websites of the early 2000s with more visual effects, more structured codes and better looking webpages !
JavaScript was originally developed by Brendan Eich. It was first introduced and deployed in the Netscape browser version 2.0B3 in December 1995. It is is a scripting language most often used for client-side web development, but also as server-side development via the ASP protocol. It is a highly structured and dynamic programming language, allowing the Web Designers to add special Options to the Website, by creating function that can be called from a HTML/XHTML Web Page.
While PHP was originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995, the main implementation of PHP is now produced by The PHP Group and serves as the de facto standard for PHP as there is no formal specification. Released under the PHP License, the Free Software Foundation considers it to be free software... PHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. It generally runs on a web server, taking PHP code as its input and creating web pages as output. Associated with The MySql Database System, it is the most popular way of accessing and updating external data files on the Internet.
MySQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS). MySQL was first released internally on 23 May 1995 and has now more than 11 million installations. The program runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases, usinq SQL (Structured Query Language) as programming language. MySQL is popular for web applications and acts as the database component of most platforms.
PHP-MySql is a protocol used to manage and access your MySql databases from the Internet. The MySql Databases are actually stored on the server of the Hosting Company and it needs a server-side language to be able to access it (opposite to a client-side, that will act on the computer of the visitor of the site). PHP is used as this server-side language to access the MySql Databases, using SQL command-lines embedded in the PHP script. It will then build the HTML page to be displayed with the information from the databases, all on the server-side. The server will then send the finalized page to the visitor of the Website (the client-side).
As you know it already, there are supposed to be open standards that all Web developers have to respect and to use in their scripts. But on the other side, the Browsers as well, are supposed to interpret the scripts according to these open standards. Well... This would be in the best of the worlds, but in the real internet world, it is not like this. Some Browser do not understand (and then react) the same way for some special scripting, as they do not all perfectly respect the W3C specifications... Internet Explorer® is the one who respect the less these specifications and Opera® has some homeworks to do to, whereas Mozilla and Safari respect most of them and even have proprietary specifications corresponding to the CSS level 3 brand new specifications, even before it was validated by the W3C !
A web browser is a software application which enables a user to display and interact with text, images, videos, music and other information typically located on a Web page at a website on the World Wide Web or a local area network. Web browsers allow a user to quickly and easily access information provided on many Web pages at many websites. Web browsers format HTML information for display, so the appearance of a Web page may differ between browsers. Some of the Web browsers currently available for personal computers include Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Konqueror, Opera, Flock, Internet Explorer, Epiphany, K-Meleon and AOL Explorer. Web browsers are the most commonly used type of HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) user agent.
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The SEO (for Search Engine Optimization) consist of all the rules and processes involved to help your website to appear with the best rank possible on the search engines. It includes, of course, all the web directory and search engine submissions, but also and above all, all the management of the structure of the Website. The Website needs to be well organized, including key files, and all Webpages need to have special "Meta Tags" that are understood by search engines as well as revelant keywords embedded in the visible text at strategic places.
Keywords are the words that web surfers enter in search engines to find web sites. It is important that your web site has good search engine rankings for popular keywords that are related to the theme of your web site. The term "keywords" is used for single word keywords as well as for keyword phrases, for example "koh samui villa".
A search engine is an information retrieval system designed to help find information stored on a computer system. Search engines help to minimize the time required to find information and the amount of information which must be consulted. The most public, visible form of a search engine is a Web search engine which searches for information on the World Wide Web. Information may consist of web pages, images and other types of files. Some search engines also mine data available in newsbooks, databases, or open directories. Unlike Web directories, which are maintained by human editors, search engines operate algorithmically or are a mixture of algorithmic and human input.